Blooming stages - Your Pregnancy Step-By-Step

(2-3 minutes reading time)

Pregnancy is a remarkable journey, and knowing what to expect can help you feel more confident and in control. A full-term pregnancy is typically around 40 weeks, and it’s divided into three main stages, known as trimesters. Each one brings its own unique changes, milestones, and things to keep in mind.

The First Trimester (Weeks 1-12)

What Happens: This is when your baby's major organs and body systems are forming at a breathtaking pace. You might not look pregnant yet, but inside, your body is working hard to create a nurturing environment. This trimester is often marked by classic early pregnancy symptoms like morning sickness, extreme fatigue, and breast tenderness, thanks to surging hormones.

What to Do:

• Book your first appointment. As soon as you find out you're pregnant, contact your local maternity services. In the UK, you can often "self-refer" to a midwife team, which means you don't always need to go through your GP first.

• Start prenatal vitamins. A daily prenatal vitamin with folic acid is crucial to support your baby's development and prevent neural tube defects.

• Adjust your lifestyle. Say no to alcohol, smoking, and recreational drugs. Re-evaluate any medications you're taking with your doctor and focus on a healthy, balanced diet.

• Listen to your body. Rest is not a luxury; it's a necessity. Take naps when you can to combat fatigue.

Who to See: Your primary point of contact will be a midwife, who is an expert in providing care throughout a healthy pregnancy. You'll have an initial "booking appointment" before 10 weeks to discuss your medical history and plan your care. You may also see a GP (General Practitioner) for general health needs. If you have any pre-existing health conditions, you may be referred to an obstetrician, a doctor who specialises in pregnancy and childbirth.

The Second Trimester (Weeks 13-27)

What Happens: Often called the "honeymoon period," this trimester is where many of the uncomfortable early symptoms like morning sickness begin to ease. You'll likely have more energy and start to show! This is when you'll feel your baby's first movements—often described as a fluttering or bubbling sensation—a milestone known as "quickening."

What to Do:

• Enjoy the energy. Use your new-found energy to prepare for the baby. This is a great time to start a gentle exercise routine like prenatal yoga or swimming.

• Have your anatomy scan. Around 18-21 weeks, you'll have a detailed ultrasound scan to check your baby's development and organs. This is also when many people find out the sex of their baby!

• Start tracking movements. As your baby gets bigger, you'll feel their movements more regularly. Get to know their patterns and contact your midwife if you notice any changes.

• Think about classes. Consider enrolling in antenatal classes to learn about childbirth, pain management, and newborn care.

Who to See: Your midwife will continue to be your main point of contact, with appointments every few weeks. You may also see an ultrasound technician (or sonographer) for your scans.

The Third Trimester (Weeks 28-40+)

What Happens: You're in the home stretch! Your baby is growing rapidly, gaining weight, and getting ready for birth. You might feel more tired again as you carry the extra weight, and common symptoms can include back pain, shortness of breath, and frequent urination. Your baby will likely move into a head-down position in preparation for delivery.

What to Do:

• Focus on rest and comfort. Prioritise rest and try to find comfortable sleeping positions with the help of pillows.

• Prepare for birth. Pack your hospital bag, finalise your birth plan, and get the nursery ready. This "nesting" instinct is a natural way of preparing for your baby's arrival.

• Monitor baby's movements. Continue to pay close attention to your baby's movements. If you have any concerns about reduced movement, contact your maternity unit immediately.

• Prepare for post-birth. Think about what you'll need after the baby arrives, from essentials for your own recovery to feeding and diapering supplies.

Who to See: Your appointments with your midwife will become more frequent, often every two weeks, and then weekly in the last month. They will monitor your blood pressure, your baby's position and growth, and discuss your final birth plans with you. You'll also be in close contact with your hospital's maternity team as you approach your due date.